119 lines
3.4 KiB
Markdown
119 lines
3.4 KiB
Markdown
# 文件自动备份
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## 需求
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- 小明有一个云服务器，上面运行了一个网站，网站提供给同学们记录一些笔记，但是总是担心数据不安全，打算写一个文件自动备份文件。
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- 程序运行的时候，自动将`www`目录压缩到`backup`目录下，命名为`年月日时间.zip`，并且每隔1分钟就会执行一次这个动作
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- 如果压缩包md5一样，就删除最新的备份
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- 将每次备份的时间，路径，大小，md5都记录到`logs.json`文件中
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## 参考代码
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```python
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import os
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import shutil
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import time
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from datetime import datetime
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import json
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import hashlib
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# 源目录和目标目录
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source_dir = 'www'
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backup_dir = 'backup'
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log_file = 'logs.json' # 日志文件路径
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# 确保备份目录存在
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os.makedirs(backup_dir, exist_ok=True)
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# 获取当前日期和时间，并格式化为年月日时间
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def get_timestamp():
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return datetime.now().strftime("%Y%m%d%H%M%S")
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# 压缩目录
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def zip_directory(source, destination, filename):
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# 创建压缩文件的完整路径
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zip_path = os.path.join(destination, filename)
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# 使用shutil.make_archive创建压缩文件
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shutil.make_archive(zip_path, 'zip', source)
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return zip_path # 返回压缩文件的完整路径
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# 获取文件MD5
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def get_file_md5(file_path):
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hash_md5 = hashlib.md5()
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with open(file_path, "rb") as f:
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for chunk in iter(lambda: f.read(4096), b""):
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hash_md5.update(chunk)
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return hash_md5.hexdigest()
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# 获取文件大小
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def get_file_size(file_path):
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return os.path.getsize(file_path)
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# 记录日志
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def log_backup(logs, backup_path, md5, file_size):
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# 添加新的日志条目
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logs.append({
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'时间戳': get_timestamp(),
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'备份路径': backup_path,
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'md5': md5,
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'文件大小': file_size
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})
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# 写入日志文件
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with open(log_file, 'w', encoding="utf-8") as f:
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json.dump(logs, f, indent=4, ensure_ascii=False)
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print(f"日志已经记录: {backup_path}.zip 大小为 {file_size} bytes md5为 {md5}")
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# 删除最新的备份
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def remove_latest_backup(backup_path):
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os.remove(backup_path)
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# 主函数，每隔1分钟执行一次压缩操作
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def main():
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while True:
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# 获取时间戳
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timestamp = get_timestamp()
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# 构建备份文件名
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backup_filename = f"backup-{timestamp}"
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# 压缩目录
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backup_path = zip_directory(source_dir, backup_dir, backup_filename)
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# 获取压缩文件的MD5和大小
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backup_file_path = f"{backup_path}.zip"
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md5 = get_file_md5(backup_file_path)
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file_size = get_file_size(backup_file_path)
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# 读取日志，检查是否有相同的MD5
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if os.path.exists(log_file):
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with open(log_file, 'r', encoding="utf-8") as f:
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logs = json.load(f)
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for log in logs:
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if log['md5'] == md5:
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print(f"md5相同. 删除最新的记录: {backup_file_path}")
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remove_latest_backup(backup_file_path)
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break
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else:
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logs = []
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# 记录日志
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log_backup(logs if logs else [], backup_path, md5, file_size)
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# 等待60秒
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time.sleep(60)
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main()
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```
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><span style="color: red; background: yellow; padding: 2px 5px; font-size: 22px;">作业8.1提交的内容</span>
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>
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>- 理解程序的运行逻辑
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>- 程序运行成功的截图，单独发送给组长
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