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+# Apache ActiveMQ Jolokia Authenticated Remote Code Execution (CVE-2022-41678)
+
+[中文版本(Chinese version)](README.zh-cn.md)
+
+Apache ActiveMQ is an open source messaging middleware developed by the American Pachitea (Apache) Software Foundation that supports Java messaging services, clustering, Spring framework, and more.
+
+Apache ActiveMQ prior to 5.16.5, 5.17.3, there is a authenticated RCE exists in the Jolokia `/api/jolokia`.
+
+References:
+
+- <https://activemq.apache.org/security-advisories.data/CVE-2022-41678-announcement.txt>
+- <https://l3yx.github.io/2023/11/29/Apache-ActiveMQ-Jolokia-%E8%BF%9C%E7%A8%8B%E4%BB%A3%E7%A0%81%E6%89%A7%E8%A1%8C%E6%BC%8F%E6%B4%9E-CVE-2022-41678-%E5%88%86%E6%9E%90/>
+
+## Vulnerable Environment
+
+Execute following command to start a Apache ActiveMQ 5.17.3:
+
+```
+docker compose up -d
+```
+
+After server is started, open the `http://your-ip:8161/` and input username and password with `admin` and `admin`. Then you will see the index page of Apache ActiveMQ.
+
+## Exploit
+
+Firstly, listing all avaiable MBeans in Apache ActiveMQ by `/api/jolokia/list`:
+
+```
+GET /api/jolokia/list HTTP/1.1
+Host: localhost:8161
+Accept-Encoding: gzip, deflate, br
+Accept: */*
+Accept-Language: en-US;q=0.9,en;q=0.8
+User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/117.0.5938.132 Safari/537.36
+Connection: close
+Cache-Control: max-age=0
+Authorization: Basic YWRtaW46YWRtaW4=
+Origin: http://localhost
+
+
+```
+
+![](1.png)
+
+There are 2 exploitable MBeans that are able to perform RCE in this list.
+
+## Method #1
+
+The first one is using the `org.apache.logging.log4j.core.jmx.LoggerContextAdminMBean`, a MBean provided by Log4j2.
+
+Attacker can use this MBean to update the Log4j configuration and write logs to arbitrary directories.
+
+I prepared a [poc](poc.py) to reproduce the whole process:
+
+```
+python poc.py -u admin -p admin http://your-ip:8161
+```
+
+![](2.png)
+
+Webshell is written to `/admin/shell.jsp` successfully:
+
+![](3.png)
+
+This method is limited by version of ActiveMQ, since Log4j2 was introduced in Apache ActiveMQ 5.17.0.
+
+## Method #2
+
+The second one is using the `jdk.management.jfr.FlightRecorderMXBean` MBean.
+
+FlightRecorder was introduced in OpenJDK 11, users are able to use FlightRecorderMXBean to create record and save it to a file. This feature is also can be used to write webshell.
+
+Use [poc](poc.py) to reproduce the whole process:
+
+```
+python poc.py -u admin -p admin --exploit jfr http://localhost:8161
+```
+
+![](4.png)
+
+Webshell is written to `/admin/shelljfr.jsp` successfully:
+
+![](5.png)