# 自定义web框架 web应用本质上就是一个socket服务端,浏览器是socket客户端,基于请求做出响应,客户都先请求,服务端做出对应的响应,按照http协议的请求协议发送请求,服务端按照http协议的响应协议来响应请求,这样的网络通信,我们就可以自己实现Web框架了。 准备一个html文件 ```html 测试页面

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头像 ``` 编写python的socket服务端 ```python import socket sk = socket.socket() sk.bind(('127.0.0.1',8080)) sk.listen() conn,addr = sk.accept() b_msg = conn.recv(1024) str_msg = b_msg.decode('utf-8') conn.send(b'HTTP/1.1 200 ok \r\n\r\n') conn.send(b'hello') print(str_msg) conn.close() sk.close() ``` 运行服务端之后,浏览器访问`http://127.0.0.1:8080` ,浏览器传给socket的内容如下 ``` GET / HTTP/1.1 # 请求行,其中的/是路径 Host: 127.0.0.1:8080 Connection: keep-alive Upgrade-Insecure-Requests: 1 User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/80.0.3987.116 Safari/537.36 Sec-Fetch-Dest: document Accept: text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,image/webp,image/apng,*/*;q=0.8,application/signed-exchange;v=b3;q=0.9 Sec-Fetch-Site: none Sec-Fetch-Mode: navigate Sec-Fetch-User: ?1 Accept-Encoding: gzip, deflate, br Accept-Language: zh-CN,zh;q=0.9,zh-TW;q=0.8 Cookie: smid=sys4OxpO9GZqFqSAA37ZAWOnLB54KsilDWWuipaewHYE9ggajIeWtlHRrIBuSZyR038Q7r4c2XNUXdfdWR-I4A; APP_HOST=http%3A//127.0.0.1%3A49153/; HOST=http%3A//127.0.0.1%3A49153/; kodUserLanguage=zh-CN; kodUserID=1; X-CSRF-TOKEN=i9YQRqWXnS4Iy3uRt3vW; p_h5_u=057F0CAB-3644-4539-A2BC-249B82EA9934 ``` 修改socket服务端,让其返回网页内容 ```python import socket sk = socket.socket() sk.bind(('127.0.0.1',8080)) sk.listen() conn,addr = sk.accept() b_msg = conn.recv(1024) str_msg = b_msg.decode('utf-8') print(str_msg) conn.send(b'HTTP/1.1 200 ok \r\n\r\n') with open('test.html','rb') as f: f_data = f.read() conn.send(f_data) conn.close() sk.close() ``` 这样就可以将网页内容返回给浏览器了 如果想要在网页中携带本地路径的图片,那么修改html代码 ```html 测试页面

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头像 ``` 然后修改socket服务端 ```python import socket sk = socket.socket() sk.bind(('127.0.0.1',8080)) sk.listen() while 1: # 浏览器多次访问,所以需要while conn,addr = sk.accept() b_msg = conn.recv(1024) str_msg = b_msg.decode('utf-8') path = str_msg.split('\r\n')[0].split(' ')[1] print('path>>>',path) conn.send(b'HTTP/1.1 200 ok \r\n\r\n') if path == '/': with open('test.html','rb') as f: f_data = f.read() conn.send(f_data) conn.close() # HTTP协议是短链接的,一次请求对应一次响应,这个请求就结束了,所以我们需要写上close,不然浏览器自己断了 elif path == '/logo.png': with open('logo.png','rb') as f: f_data = f.read() conn.send(f_data) conn.close() sk.close() ``` 可以改成使用函数的版本 ```python import socket sk = socket.socket() sk.bind(('127.0.0.1',8080)) sk.listen() def func1(conn): with open('test.html', 'rb') as f: f_data = f.read() conn.send(f_data) conn.close() def func2(conn): with open('logo.png', 'rb') as f: f_data = f.read() conn.send(f_data) conn.close() while 1: conn,addr = sk.accept() b_msg = conn.recv(1024) str_msg = b_msg.decode('utf-8') path = str_msg.split('\r\n')[0].split(' ')[1] print('path>>>',path) conn.send(b'HTTP/1.1 200 ok \r\n\r\n') if path == '/': func1(conn) elif path == '/logo.png': func2(conn) sk.close() ``` 现在还不支持高并发的情况,可以加上多线程 ```python import socket from threading import Thread sk = socket.socket() sk.bind(('127.0.0.1',8080)) sk.listen() def func1(conn): with open('test.html', 'rb') as f: f_data = f.read() conn.send(f_data) conn.close() def func2(conn): with open('logo.png', 'rb') as f: f_data = f.read() conn.send(f_data) conn.close() while 1: conn,addr = sk.accept() b_msg = conn.recv(1024) str_msg = b_msg.decode('utf-8') path = str_msg.split('\r\n')[0].split(' ')[1] print('path>>>',path) conn.send(b'HTTP/1.1 200 ok \r\n\r\n') if path == '/': t = Thread(target=func1,args=(conn,)) t.start() elif path == '/logo.png': t = Thread(target=func2,args=(conn,)) t.start() sk.close() ``` 替换字符串,实现不同的时间访问返回时间戳模拟动态内容 在网页中,用特殊的符号`@@666@@`表示需要被替换掉的地方,修改html代码 ```html 测试页面

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头像

@@666@@

``` 修改socket服务端 ```python import socket from threading import Thread import time sk = socket.socket() sk.bind(('127.0.0.1',8080)) sk.listen() def func1(conn): with open('test.html', 'r',encoding="utf-8") as f: f_data = f.read() now = str(time.time()) f_data = f_data.replace("@@666@@",now).encode('utf-8') conn.send(f_data) conn.close() def func2(conn): with open('logo.png', 'rb') as f: f_data = f.read() conn.send(f_data) conn.close() while 1: conn,addr = sk.accept() b_msg = conn.recv(1024) str_msg = b_msg.decode('utf-8') path = str_msg.split('\r\n')[0].split(' ')[1] print('path>>>',path) conn.send(b'HTTP/1.1 200 ok \r\n\r\n') if path == '/': t = Thread(target=func1,args=(conn,)) t.start() elif path == '/logo.png': t = Thread(target=func2,args=(conn,)) t.start() sk.close() ```